Understanding MySQL Validate Password Length Variable for Better Security

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Understanding MySQL `validate_password.length` for Enhanced Security

The validate_password.length variable in MySQL's validate_password plugin enforces a minimum password length, a critical security measure. Shorter passwords are vulnerable to brute-force and dictionary attacks, making longer passwords significantly harder to crack. Setting a minimum length (e.g., 12 or more characters) increases the computational effort required for attackers.

Checking and Setting the Password Length

To check the current value, use:

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password.length';

To set it globally, use:

SET GLOBAL validate_password.length = 12;

Existing passwords aren't automatically updated, so users should be prompted to change them after policy updates.

Balancing Security and Usability

While longer passwords enhance security, they may reduce usability. A balance is needed—12 characters is a common minimum, but sensitive data may require longer lengths (e.g., 14+).

Additional Password Policy Variables

The plugin offers other variables to enforce complexity, such as:

• validate_password.policy: Sets complexity rules (LOW, MEDIUM, STRONG).
• validate_password.mixed_case_count: Requires uppercase/lowercase characters.
• validate_password.number_count: Requires digits.
• validate_password.special_char_count: Requires special characters.
• validate_password.dictionary_file_name: Blocks common passwords.
• validate_password.check_user_name: Prevents passwords containing usernames.

Implementation and Maintenance

The plugin isn't enabled by default and must be installed manually. Regularly review and adjust policies to adapt to evolving threats. Monitoring failed logins helps assess policy effectiveness.

Conclusion

Setting an appropriate validate_password.length and combining it with other complexity rules significantly strengthens MySQL security. Regular updates and monitoring ensure ongoing protection.

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